Identification
A compact diving duck with rich brown plumage and a conspicuous pale undertail. Adult males have a pale eye.
When to look
A migratory breeder and passage bird. Local presence changes with water conditions and season.
Where to look
Shallow freshwater wetlands with abundant aquatic plants and sheltered open water.
Behaviour and ecology
Food and nutrition
Aquatic plants and seeds are eaten along with aquatic invertebrates.
Breeding and life cycle
Nests are hidden close to water in dense vegetation. Water-level changes can affect breeding habitat.
A closer look
Its pale undertail can remain useful when the eye colour is difficult to see.
Global conservation assessment
NT · Near Threatened · Assessment year: 2019
Global category recorded from the linked assessment; it does not describe local abundance. Least Concern does not mean absence of threats.
View the source assessment ↗Observation and photography
Use binoculars to compare several features. Avoid disturbing resting or moulting ducks.
Sources and further reading
Keep a distance that allows birds to feed and rest normally. Do not enter colonies, approach nests, flush roosts or use playback for photographs. Never publish precise nest locations of sensitive species. Follow reserve rules and your guide's advice.